Purpose and Summary
Unified NW, LLC will perform an independent, point-in-time security assessment of one enterprise Avaya Aura or Lucent DEFINITY phone system, its remote sites, the systems it connects to, and every endpoint where its calls end.
The assessment finds security weaknesses in the voice platform, rates each one, maps it to the HIPAA Security Rule, and hands back a prioritized remediation plan. It is built to be repeated every year, so each assessment can be compared with the last.
The scope is deliberately limited to the voice platform. This is not an enterprise-wide penetration test, and it does not replace the client's broader IT security program. Keeping it narrow is what makes it fast, fixed-price and hard to dilute.
Unified NW is a Kaseya International Premier Security Partner.
Definitions
These terms set what each price covers. They are used the same way throughout this document.
| Term | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Core PBX | One call-control system, Avaya Aura Communication Manager or Lucent DEFINITY / MultiVantage, with its duplicated and survivable servers and the adjuncts connected to it: System Manager, Session Manager, Session Border Controller, Application Enablement Services, Call Management System or Avaya IQ, messaging, call recording, workforce management, IVR / Experience Portal and outbound dialing. |
| Remote site | Any additional location on the same PBX/ACD network served by the Core PBX, through a media or branch gateway, a survivable server, or IP endpoints registered to the core. |
| Endpoint | Any device or application where a call can start or end: desk and wireless phones, soft phones, agent desktops, mobile clients, analog and fax lines, and integrations that place or receive calls. |
| Assessment window | The agreed dates and times during which active testing takes place. |
| Finding | A documented weakness with evidence, a severity rating and a recommended fix. |
Core PBX Assessment Scope
The Core PBX assessment covers fourteen domains. Each check below is performed against the core and the adjuncts connected to it.
Discovery uses read-only access and configuration exports, such as list configuration all, list station, list registered-ip-stations, list trunk-group and the history log, together with active, non-destructive testing.
1. Call-control platform
- Software release, service pack and security update level against vendor-supported releases; end-of-support components, including legacy Lucent hardware and operating systems.
- Server hardening: enabled services (Telnet, FTP, HTTP), SNMP versions and community strings, TLS versions, certificates and time sync.
- Duplicated, ESS and LSP survivable servers: configuration parity and access control.
- Virtualization host and deployment tools: access and patch level.
- Backups: schedule, encryption, storage location and the most recent restore test.
- Logging: history and security logs, syslog forwarding and retention.
2. Administrative and vendor access
- Every login on Communication Manager, System Manager, CMS, messaging, the SBC and adjuncts: owner, role and last use. Stale, shared, default and dormant accounts are flagged.
- Password, lockout and session policy; external authentication (RADIUS, LDAP or Active Directory) and multi-factor authentication.
- Vendor and business-partner remote access: Secure Access Link gateway, legacy dial-up and INADS modem lines, VPNs and shared vendor accounts.
- Permission profiles: who can change routing, class of restriction and service, service observing, recording and station security codes.
- Administration workstations: patch level, site administration tools and legacy Java-based consoles.
3. Signaling and media encryption
- Session Manager SIP entities and entity links: transport in use (TLS against TCP or UDP).
- Signaling and media encryption (TLS and SRTP) by network region and codec set.
- H.323 and SIP registration controls; station security code strength and reuse.
- Rogue station registration test: an attempt to register an unauthorized endpoint from the voice VLAN, the data network, a remote site and the internet-facing edge.
- Certificate chains, expiry dates and trust stores across the Aura suite.
4. Eavesdropping and monitoring controls
- Service Observing: which classes may observe, feature access codes, warning tones, and listen-only against listen-talk.
- Silent monitoring, barge-in, intrusion and whisper features in contact-center and supervisor tools.
- Call recording platform: access roles, encryption at rest and in transit, retention, export controls and audit trail.
- Monitoring rights held by people who no longer need them.
5. Session border and perimeter
- Session Border Controller: SIP trunk and remote-worker configuration, signaling and media rules, topology hiding, flood and fraud protection, and administrative access.
- External scan of every internet-facing voice service: exposed SIP (5060/5061), H.323, web administration and media ports.
- Firewall and ACL rules for voice VLANs and for the inter-site VPN paths that carry voice.
- Carrier SIP trunk authentication and trunk-group restrictions.
6. Toll fraud and call-routing abuse
- Remote access and barrier codes, trunk-to-trunk transfer, call forwarding off-net, extension to cellular, voicemail outcalling and attendant transfer behavior.
- Class of restriction, facility restriction levels and ARS/AAR patterns for international and premium-rate destinations.
- Vector and IVR routing that can reach outside trunks.
7. Contact center, reporting and workforce
- CMS or Avaya IQ: operating system and application patch level, user accounts, supervisor client versions, database access, and where reports go (reports often hold patient callback numbers).
- Real-time and historical reporting workstations and wallboards.
- Workforce management, IVR / Experience Portal and outbound dialing: access and data exposure.
- Agent desktops that log in to ACD queues: managed or unmanaged, patch level and location.
8. Integrations and APIs
- Application Enablement Services (TSAPI, DMCC, JTAPI): connected applications, service accounts, TLS and IP restrictions.
- CTI and screen-pop integrations to the EHR (for example Epic), CRM and service management tools, nurse call, clinical mobility, paging and emergency notification.
- Directory sync, single sign-on, API keys and stored credentials.
- Data flows that carry call detail records, statistics and recordings to other systems.
9. Messaging and voicemail
- Avaya Aura Messaging, Modular Messaging or Intuity AUDIX: version and patch level.
- Mailbox PIN policy, default and trivial PINs, lockout, outcalling and notification.
- Voicemail-to-email (protected health information leaving the system), web and mobile access.
10. Endpoints, soft phones and remote users
- IP and SIP phone firmware by model, web interface exposure, default administrative passwords, and voice VLAN placement.
- Soft phones and agent clients: where they are installed, whether the device is managed, and how the connection is protected.
- Work-from-home and small-office users: where calls end, on what device and over what network.
- An off-network termination register: every place hospital calls end outside managed systems.
- Wireless handsets and clinical mobility devices.
11. Rogue and shadow voice
- Traffic sampling at the core site to detect unsanctioned voice: consumer calling apps, Google Voice, phone mirroring on laptops and unapproved SIP clients.
- Unknown SIP user agents and unregistered voice devices on the network.
12. Endpoint, license and asset reconciliation
- Licensed, administered, registered and actually used stations, agents and trunks, to support maintenance and right-to-use true-ups.
- Orphaned stations, unused mailboxes and unassigned DIDs.
13. Resilience and emergency calling
- Survivability coverage, configuration backups and recovery records.
- Emergency calling configuration for a multi-line telephone system: direct 911 dialing, on-site notification (Kari's Law) and dispatchable location (RAY BAUM'S Act).
14. People and process
- Administrative change control, documentation and administrator training.
- Controlled call-handling test: up to ten scripted calls to operator, attendant and agent queues to observe off-network transfer and information disclosure. Scheduled with written approval; no real patient information is requested.
- Voice incident readiness: who to call, and how to shut down a compromised trunk or station.
Remote Site Assessment Scope
Each remote site on the same PBX/ACD network adds the site-level checks below to the Core PBX assessment.
- Media or branch gateway and survivable server configuration, firmware and administrative access.
- The site's voice VLAN, firewall rules and VPN path back to the core.
- Local trunks (analog, PRI or SIP) and their restrictions.
- A sample of each endpoint model and firmware version at the site.
- Rogue voice traffic sampling at the site through a remote collector or a port mirror.
- Site emergency calling location data.
- Site results in the reconciliation, the findings report and the baseline.
Approach and Timeline
The audit runs in six phases and typically takes five to six weeks from kickoff to readout.
The schedule assumes access and data arrive within five business days of kickoff. Remote sites are assessed in parallel with the core.
| # | Phase | Weeks | What happens |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kickoff and rules of engagement | Week 1 | Scoping call, site and asset inventory, written authorization to test, business associate agreement, testing windows, contacts and the emergency stop procedure. |
| 2 | Discovery and data collection | Weeks 1–2 | Read-only accounts, configuration exports, license files and network diagrams. The assessment appliance or virtual machine goes in at the core site. |
| 3 | Testing | Weeks 2–3 | External and internal vulnerability scanning of voice assets, registration and encryption tests, SBC and trunk exposure, eavesdropping controls, toll-fraud paths, rogue voice sampling and the call-handling test. |
| 4 | Configuration and access review | Weeks 2–4 | Line-by-line review of the core, adjuncts, integrations and every administrative and vendor login. |
| 5 | Analysis and reporting | Weeks 4–5 | Findings rated, evidence assembled, HIPAA crosswalk and remediation roadmap drafted, baseline recorded. |
| 6 | Readout and handoff | Weeks 5–6 | Executive readout, technical walkthrough with telecom and IT, final reports and the letter of assessment. |
Benchmarks used: the HIPAA Security Rule (45 CFR Part 164, Subpart C), NIST Cybersecurity Framework 2.0, NIST SP 800-66 Revision 2, the HHS 405(d) Health Industry Cybersecurity Practices, and vendor security hardening guidance.
Rules of Engagement
Testing is authorized in writing, non-destructive, and stops the moment either side asks.
- A written authorization to test names the systems, IP ranges, phone numbers and assessment window. It is signed before any testing starts.
- No denial-of-service, load or failover testing on production systems. These tests can drop calls in a clinical setting.
- Exposure is proven, not exploited. Where a weakness could allow access, we demonstrate it to the minimum extent needed and stop. Deeper exploitation needs separate written approval.
- No call content is listened to, recorded or kept. Voicemail and recordings are checked for access and protection settings, not content.
- Tests that could affect service run in agreed windows, with the client's telecom contact and maintenance provider informed.
- Each side names an emergency contact. Either side can pause testing at any time.
- Critical findings go to the client's sponsor within one business day of discovery, ahead of the final report.
Deliverables and Finding Ratings
The client receives nine deliverables. Reports are PDF; the reconciliation and access register are also delivered as spreadsheets.
| # | Deliverable | What it contains |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Executive summary | Overall voice security posture, the top risks in business terms and the decisions leadership needs to make. |
| 2 | Technical findings report | Every finding with evidence, affected assets, severity and a specific fix. |
| 3 | Voice security baseline | The recorded security configuration of the core and each remote site, for next year's comparison. |
| 4 | Endpoint and license reconciliation | Licensed against administered, registered and used endpoints; off-network terminations; rogue voice results. |
| 5 | Privileged and vendor access register | Every administrative, vendor and service login, its last use and the recommended action. |
| 6 | HIPAA Security Rule crosswalk | Findings mapped to the administrative and technical safeguards in 45 CFR 164.308 and 164.312, ready for the compliance file. |
| 7 | Prioritized remediation roadmap | A 30, 60 and 90-day plan plus a 12-month view, including the server, workstation, remote-user and small-site upgrades the findings call for. |
| 8 | Executive readout | A 60-minute session with leadership, then a technical walkthrough with telecom and IT. |
| 9 | Letter of assessment | A one-page letter confirming the dates and scope of the assessment, for auditors and insurers. |
How findings are rated
Each finding is rated on the risk to the client's environment, not the risk in general. Where a published vulnerability applies, its CVSS score is shown alongside.
| Severity | What it means | Target |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | Active exposure or a control missing that attackers routinely exploit. Act now. | Begin now; resolve within 14 days |
| High | Significant weakness with a realistic path to compromise. | Within 30 days |
| Medium | Weakness that raises risk or weakens other controls. | Within 90 days |
| Low | Hardening opportunity or hygiene item. | Routine maintenance |
| Info | Observation for awareness. | No action required |
Out of Scope
The following are not part of this engagement. Requests to add them are handled by written change order, so the voice audit keeps its focus and its fixed price.
- Hospital-wide or enterprise penetration testing of systems that are not part of, or connected to, the voice platform.
- Servers, workstations and network devices that do not host, carry or connect to voice services. The voice VLANs, firewall rules and paths that serve voice are in scope.
- Testing of the EHR or other business applications beyond the telephony integration point and its service accounts.
- Payment card, point-of-sale and medical device testing.
- Physical security testing, badge access and facility walk-throughs.
- Social engineering of staff beyond the controlled call-handling test.
- Denial-of-service, load and failover testing on production.
- Cloud collaboration platforms (for example Microsoft Teams or Zoom), except where they connect to the Avaya core.
- Carrier billing audits and the remediation work itself, which is quoted separately.
Client Responsibilities
The schedule depends on the client providing access and information in the first week.
- A named project sponsor and a technical contact, with the telecom administrator available during discovery and testing.
- Read-only or browse-level accounts on Communication Manager, System Manager, Session Manager, the SBC, AES, CMS, messaging, recording and workforce systems, or configuration exports where direct access is not permitted.
- Network diagrams, the voice VLAN and IP plan, and the firewall rules that affect voice.
- A list of remote sites with addresses, gateways and endpoint counts.
- License entitlements and a summary of the maintenance contract.
- Remote connectivity and rack or virtual machine space for the assessment appliance at the core site.
- Notice to the integrator or maintenance provider, and approval of testing windows.
- A signed authorization to test and a business associate agreement.
- Disabling or rotating the assessment accounts when the engagement ends.
Assumptions, Limitations and Data Handling
The assessment is a point-in-time, third-party evaluation. It is not a certification, a guarantee that the voice platform is secure, or a transfer of responsibility.
The client and its administrators, integrators and maintenance providers remain responsible for operating and securing the system.
Assumptions
- Delivery is remote, through a client-approved secure connection and an assessment appliance or virtual machine at the core site. On-site work, if requested, is quoted separately.
- Each Core PBX assessment covers one call-control system. Each additional independent call-control system is priced as another Core PBX.
- Endpoints are tested by sample of each model, firmware version and client type. The full endpoint inventory comes from configuration and registration data.
- Third-party systems, such as carrier networks and vendor-hosted services, are assessed only where they connect to the voice platform and only as their providers permit.
- Results reflect conditions during the assessment window. Configuration can change afterward.
Data handling and confidentiality
- Where testing may expose protected health information, a business associate agreement is signed before work begins.
- Evidence is collected only as needed (configuration exports, scan results and screenshots), stored encrypted and used only by the assessment team.
- Credentials provided for the assessment are used only for the assessment.
- Reports are confidential and delivered to named recipients only.
- Evidence is kept to support the next annual comparison for the period set in the agreement, then securely destroyed.
Pricing and Commercial Terms
The audit is priced as fixed fees per annual assessment: $5,500 for the Core PBX and $650 for each remote site on the same PBX/ACD network.
| Item | Fee | Basis |
|---|---|---|
| Core PBX annual assessment | $5,500 | Per Core PBX, per annual assessment |
| Remote site | $650 | Per site on the same PBX/ACD network, per annual assessment |
| Example: core plus eight clinics | $10,700 | $5,500 + (8 × $650) |
- Fees include remote delivery and every deliverable in Section 07.
- Payment terms, the start date and the final site list are confirmed on the signed proposal.
- Out-of-scope requests are handled by written change order before any work begins.
Optional Services
These services are not included in the audit fee. Each is quoted separately on request.
| Service | What it is |
|---|---|
| Remediation delivery | The server, workstation, remote-user and small-site upgrades identified in the roadmap. |
| Ongoing voice monitoring | A collector at each site, with quarterly checks between annual assessments. |
| Administrator and attendant training | Administrator hygiene, call-transfer handling and social-engineering awareness for operators and agents. |
| Voice platform penetration test | Deeper exploitation testing under a separate, independent engagement. |
| Validation retest | Confirmation that Critical and High findings have been fixed. |
Avaya, Avaya Aura, Communication Manager and related product names are trademarks of their owners. Lucent and DEFINITY are trademarks of their owners. Unified NW is an independent assessor and is not affiliated with or endorsed by Avaya.